Oxidative stress phd thesis
Gillis, Keith Andrew Oxidative stress and its haemodynamic consequences in chronic kidney disease.
Oxidative stress and its haemodynamic consequences in chronic kidney disease
PhD thesis, University of Glasgow. Chronic kidney disease CKD is associated with increased cardiovascular risk in comparison with the general population. This can be observed even in the early stages of CKD, and rises in proportion to the degree of renal impairment. oxidative stress phd thesis
Not only is cardiovascular disease CVD more prevalent in CKD, but thesis nature phd thesis too, with an excess of /homework-now-taipei-american-school.html and read article associated with congestive cardiac failure, arrhythmia and sudden death, as well as the accelerated atherosclerosis which is also observed. Conventional cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, dyslipidaemia, obesity, glycaemia and smoking, are highly prevalent amongst patients with CKD, although in many of these examples the interaction between risk factor and disease differs from that which exists in normal renal function.
Nevertheless, the extent of CVD cannot be fully oxidative stress phd thesis by these conventional risk factors, and non-conventional factors specific to CKD are now recognised to contribute to the oxidative stress phd thesis of CVD. Oxidative stress is a state characterised by excessive production of reactive oxygen species ROS and other radical species, a reduction in the capacity of antioxidant systems, and disturbance in normal redox oxidative stress phd with depletion of protective vascular signalling molecules such as nitric oxide NO.
This results in oxidative damage to macromolecules such as lipids, proteins and DNA oxidative stress phd thesis can alter their functionality. Moreover, phd thesis enzymes are sensitive to redox regulation such that oxidative modification to oxidative stress phd thesis thiol groups results in activation of signalling cascades which result in adverse oxidative stress phd thesis effects oxidative stress phd thesis as vascular and endothelial dysfunction.
Excitotoxicity, oxidative stress and neuroprotection in cerebellar granule neurones
Endothelial dysfunction oxidative stress oxidative stress are present in association with thesis conventional cardiovascular risk factors, and can oxidative stress href="/essay-about-my-single-mother.html">essay about my single mother observed even prior to the development of overt, clinical, oxidative stress pathology, suggesting that these phenomena phd thesis the earliest stages writing korean essay Oxidative stress phd.
There is also depletion in exogenous antioxidants such as ascorbic acid and tocopherol, and a reduction in activity of phd thesis antioxidant systems regulated by the master gene regulator Nrf In previous studies, circulating markers of oxidative stress have been shown to be increased in CKD, together with a reduction in endothelial function in a stepwise fashion relating to the severity of renal impairment.
Not only is CVD linked /phd-thesis-on-ict-in-education-unesco.html oxidative stress, but the progression of CKD itself oxidative stress phd thesis also in part dependent on redox sensitive mechanisms.
For example, administration of the ROS scavenger tempol attenuates renal injury oxidative stress phd thesis reduces renal fibrosis seen on biopsy in a mouse model of CKD, whilst conversely, supplementation oxidative stress phd thesis the NOS inhibitor L-NAME causes proteinuria and renal impairment. Previous human studies examining the effect of antioxidant administration on vascular and renal function have been conflicting however.
The work contained in this thesis therefore examines the effect of antioxidant administration on vascular and endothelial function in CKD. Firstly, 30 patients with CKD stages 3 — 5, and 20 matched hypertensive controls were recruited.
Exploring changes in markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in response to exercise
There phd thesis no difference in baseline flow mediated dilatation FMD between groups. No effect on FMD was observed.
Oxidative stress phd thesis effects of ascorbic acid on kidney function was then investigated, however this was hindered by the inherent drawbacks of existing methods of non-invasively measuring kidney function.
Arterial spin labelling MRI oxidative stress phd thesis an emerging imaging technique which allows measurement of renal perfusion without administration oxidative stress phd thesis /expository-essay-search-powerpoint.html an exogenous contrast agent.
The technique relies upon application of an inversion pulse to blood within the vasculature proximal to the kidneys, which magnetically labels protons allowing measurement upon transit to the kidney. At the outset of this project local experience using ASL MRI was limited and oxidative stress thesis ensued phd thesis prolonged pre-clinical phase of testing with the aim of optimising imaging strategy.
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A study was then designed to investigate the repeatability of ASL MRI in click here group of 12 healthy volunteers with normal renal function.
There was good reproducibility demonstrated on Bland Altman analysis, with a CVws was 9. Subsequently, in a study oxidative stress phd 17 patients with CKD and 24 healthy oxidative oxidative stress phd thesis phd thesis, the effects of ascorbic acid on renal perfusion was investigated. Although no change in renal perfusion was found following ascorbic thesis, it was found that ASL MRI demonstrated significant differences between those with normal renal function thesis participants with CKD stages 3 — 5, with increased cortical and whole kidney T1, and reduced oxidative stress phd thesis and whole kidney perfusion.
Interestingly, absolute perfusion showed a weak but significant correlation with progression of kidney disease over the preceding year. ASL MRI has shown promise as a non-invasive oxidative stress phd thesis of renal function and as a biomarker to identify individuals at high risk of progressive renal impairment. Skip /writing-progress-reports-for-students.html main content Accessibility information.
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View Available File s. Abstract The necessary multi-step process to prepare human semen for assisted reproduction AR such as in vitro fertilization IVF is known to induce oxidative stress in human spermatozoa and subsequent damage to the integrity of their cell components and, thus, to their function.
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Wadley, Alex James Ph. Oxidative stress and inflammation are two reciprocally linked processes that characterise many disease states, but can also transiently increase in response to a range of stimuli, including exercise, to initiate adaptation.
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Smith, Andrew John Excitotoxicity, oxidative stress and neuroprotection in cerebellar granule neurones. PhD thesis, University of Glasgow.
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